Understanding the classification of grape varieties

The introduction of new grape varieties into the French viticultural landscape is subject to a strict regulatory process, governed by the Official Catalogue of Plant Species and Varieties Cultivated in France. This catalogue distinguishes two main statuses: temporary classification and definitive classification, each serving specific objectives and offering different opportunities for winegrowers. Classification aims to ensure the agronomic, technological, and sanitary value of varieties.

Key stages in the registration process

The process often begins with the creation of new varieties, notably through breeding programmes such as those initiated by Alain Bouquet, which aim to develop strains that are more resistant to disease while preserving the organoleptic qualities of Vitis vinifera. Once identified, these varieties enter a rigorous evaluation phase. Initially, they may be registered on a temporary basis, allowing experimental plantings on quota-controlled surface areas. This is a crucial observation period to collect precise data on their adaptation to the terroir, their disease resistance (downy mildew, powdery mildew), and their qualitative potential in winemaking, in line with the work carried out by the Oscar Oc experimental network in Occitanie and Sud-Ouest. Registration in the catalogue also ensures the availability of healthy, certified plant material.

The timeline towards definitive classification

Achieving definitive classification is the culmination of several years of research and experimentation. For a variety to move from temporary to definitive status, the collected data must confirm its value and reliability. For instance, varieties resulting from Alain Bouquet’s work, such as Bouquet 3159-2-12 B (Chasan progeny), Bouquet 3179-90-7 N (Grenache progeny), or Bouquet 3160-27-4 N (Fer Servadou progeny), are expected to obtain this definitive status in 2025, thereby allowing their planting without surface quotas and their commercialisation free of regulatory constraints. This pathway ensures that only varieties offering genuine value to the wine sector, in terms of adaptation and quality, are widely distributed, thus contributing to the diversification and enrichment of the varietal mix, particularly in the face of climate change and sanitary challenges.

At Château Cazebonne, we are committed to showcasing the forgotten grape varieties of Bordeaux and experimenting with adapted varieties—an approach made possible through research and the support of wine enthusiasts who embrace our wines. To learn more about the fascinating history of grape varieties and our work, you can download our book "Bordeaux, une histoire de cépages", test your knowledge with our wine quizzes, or discover our cuvées and their diversity by visiting our online shop.