Although sharing part of its name with the famous red grape variety, Merlot Blanc is actually a distinct variety whose history and characteristics deserve to be explored. Not a cross of Pinot and Gouais as sometimes suggested, but a natural cross between Merlot and Folle Blanche—two varieties of great historical importance—thus establishing a direct lineage with red Merlot.

Recorded in Gironde under the name "Blanc de Nantes" according to Galet, it was listed in the Official Catalogue of Vine Varieties, highlighting its historical presence in the Bordeaux vineyard. Observations by Chauveau in the 1960s identified numerous Merlot Blanc vines in Gironde, attesting to its enduring, if now discreet, presence. It is therefore historically established in the region, alongside many other lost or forgotten Bordeaux varieties such as Saint-Macaire or Béquignol. Nonetheless, historical classifications could sometimes cause confusion. For example, Édouard Féret, in his 1878 "Statistique générale du département de la Gironde", listed a "Blanc-Auba" among the white grape varieties—also cited as a variety producing a highly sought-after wine in Sainte-Croix du Mont in the work "La vigne et le vin"—without mentioning a specific Merlot Blanc.

Ampelographic profile

Merlot Blanc produces rich, well-balanced white wines. Its aromatic profile is characterised by floral and citrus notes, occasionally accompanied by a subtle minerality, giving it genuine oenological interest, particularly for the production of dry white wines. In the face of climate change, this variety could offer an interesting avenue to complement the range of grape varieties in Graves white wines. Estates such as Château Cazebonne, dedicated to preserving and reviving forgotten varieties, take a keen interest in these grapes for their adaptive potential and the diversity they bring to the vineyard. Thanks to its mid-season ripening, Merlot Blanc could provide valuable resilience against increasingly hot summers. Its tasting profile, combining freshness and balance, makes it a genuine asset for producing varietal wines that fully express their terroir.

Merlot Blanc is one of those grape varieties that, while lesser-known today, contributed to the diversity and richness of our viticultural heritage. Château Cazebonne is committed to preserving and championing these historic varieties. You can explore this rich legacy by downloading our book "Bordeaux, une histoire de cépages", testing your knowledge with our wine quizzes, or discovering our wines directly in our online shop.